Introduction to Management Information Systems
In the office, management has to make decisions, formulate policies and formulate plans. Management Information System (MIS) is a mechanism that collects, processes and submits to the management the information and data required for such activities.
In other words, a management information system is a system that provides the information needed for management decisions in an integrated and sophisticated way.
This is an important system to help managers make decisions. Management Information System is the principle of management based on information technology.
Management information systems provide the information needed for decision making, identification of options, selection of options and making computer based information available to reach the appropriate decision.
Similarly, it facilitates the decision-making process by storing, securing, processing, flowing and preserving information.
The management information system makes necessary arrangements to assist in the automated decision-making process, to support the expert system and to assist in the decision-making system to perform automatic and spontaneous work.
Information is also called the backbone of management as every activity of management is based on decision and every process of decision is based on information.
According to scholar Griffin, "a management information system is a system that collects big data and organizes and summarizes it in a way that is useful to management and provides management with the information it needs for its work."
According to Sabharbas "A Management Information System is a system designed to provide information to managers, hence it is a mechanism for managing the communication process in an organization."
Therefore, management information system is not only the task of collecting, processing and storing data but also converting such data into useful information and using it in their managerial decision making process.
Its purpose is to make the office successful by assisting the management in the managerial work.
In it,
- The data obtained is converted into information.
- Information is kept in a systematic manner.
- Easy access to information is maintained for all managers.
Use of management information systems
- Staff Administration
- Financial management
- Production management
- Material management
- Record management
- Payroll and incentive management
- Hospital service management
- Court management
- Banking management
- Insurance management
- Hotel management
- Marketing management
- Pension management
- Service sector management
- Reporting management
Basic Principles of Management Information Systems
- The principle of speed of work
- Principles of integrated information management
- Principles of efficiency
- Principles of information-based management
- Principles of customer satisfaction
- Principles of network system
- Principles of accountability.
The process of preparing Management Information System (MIS)
1) System Planning
2) System design
3) System implement
4) System evaluation
Condition of Management Information System in Nepal
- The services already provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) are MIS in terms of overall management of the Government of Nepal.
- Modern - FMIS - RMIS - PIS - GIS,
- TPIS (Teacher Personal Information System),
- Websites,
- PPIS (Project, Performance, Information System),
- PMIS (Proverty Monitoring Information System).
Management information system requirements
- To flow information in layers,
- To update the data on the computer,
- To facilitate reporting,
- Integrate performance with information systems,
- To make a comparative study of information,
- To provide information according to the regional area,
- To provide information in thematic areas,
- To flow information on a functional basis.
Importance of management information system
- To obtain reliable and trustworthy information,
- Necessary information and data can be easily obtained in one place,
- To maintain uniformity in information and data,
- To achieve economy in information management,
- To facilitate access to information,
- Quick notification,
- Information can be obtained uniformly for a long time,
- To support the formulation and implementation of practical and realistic plans / programs,
- To increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization,
- To facilitate performance,
- To speed up the decision making process,
- To assist managers in control and coordination,
- To facilitate dispute resolution and change management,
- As relevant information is available on various topics, it will be easier to compare the information and identify suitable alternatives,
- To motivate the employees.
Infrastructures for effective MIS construction
- Computer & Networking
- Legal recognition
- Skilled manpower development
- Create trust
- Commitment of higher bodies
- Data base
- Preparation information preparation rituals
- Development of info based culture
- Development of info based decision making system
- Development of work culture.
Advantages of management information systems
- Reduce administrative costs,
- Responsive to customer wishes,
- Easy for decision makers,
- Planning, policy making basis,
- Ensures transparency through information as well as reduces corruption and increases accountability,
- Simple to identify needs and problems,
- Receive fresh and reliable information,
- To receive regular and timely information.
Management information system problems
- Relying on traditional systems,
- Lack of skilled manpower,
- Motivation side weak,
- Weak economic capacity,
- Participatory structure of Nepali,
- There is a tendency to hide information,
- Excessive information flow can cause problems,
- Danger of confidential information,
- Expensive to use MIS for poor countries due to cost.
- If there is a mistake in the collection of information, the actual information is not available from MIS.
Measures to make management information system effective
- Adopting the principle of transmitting maximum information,
- Strict legal action should be taken against those who misuse information,
- Review of information related decisions,
- Simplify the procedure for requesting and receiving information other than confidential information,
- Reduce information charges,
- To give priority to the right to information in case of dilemma regarding giving or not giving information.
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